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2022 in retrospect: Regulatory activity in the financial sector

– Vinod Kothari | finserv@vinodkothari.com

It has been a brisk year in terms of activity – a busy regulator kept  all regulated entities busier. This year marked the initiation of a new SBR framework for NBFCs – hence there was a lot of buzz in terms of understanding the new regulatory framework. The names of 16 Upper layer entities were declared by the RBI – consisting of 5 HFCs, 10 NBFC-ICCs, one CIC[1]. As is the design, UL entities are treated at par with banks in terms of regulatory intensity –hence, there is a LEF (large exposure framework), differential provisioning norms in case of  standard assets, CET-1 capital requirement, mandatory listing etc.

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Practical aspects relating to amended ODI framework

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Our resources on amended regulatory framework of Overseas Investments can be accessed here –

Regulatory framework for Overseas Investments

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Discussion on the new regime on Overseas Investment

Register here: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1VNc1b6tnD1tG5Rkc5L7Xwfu8VuLGyPu17er3-23mkug/edit

Our write up on the topic can be read here:

  1. Revised ODI Norms: A step towards greater clarity & liberalization?
  2. Lost in Layers: lower threshold for subsidiaries under ODI norms raises concern

Lost in Layers: lower threshold for subsidiaries under ODI norms raises concern

Vinita Nair, Senior Partner | Vinod Kothari & Company | corplaw@vinodkothari.com

It is quite common for entities to have subsidiaries in India and outside India in order to undertake business activities. The norms for incorporating a subsidiary in India is mainly governed by provisions of Companies Act, 2013 (‘CA, 2013’) and also the FDI norms for investment in the non-debt instruments, where the investment is being made by a person resident outside India. Similarly, the norms for incorporating a subsidiary outside India is mainly governed by provisions of CA, 2013 and also ODI norms for investment in the non-debt instruments. Additionally, there is a concept of restriction on layers of subsidiaries, prescribed under CA, 2013 and also under the new regime, which has raised cause of concern as well as confusion among India Inc., which is intended to be addressed by the author in this article. 

RBI, effective from August 22, 2022 notified norms on Overseas Investment (‘OI’) in the form of OI Rules, OI Regulations and OI Directions. Read our article on the overview of the OI norms here. Our presentation can be accessed here.

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Revised ODI Norms: A step towards greater clarity & liberalization?

FCS Vinita Nair | Senior Partner, Vinod Kothari & Company | corplaw@vinodkothari.com

Investments by Indian entities outside India is a very common phenomenon and several companies have presence outside India by virtue of forming a Joint Venture (‘JV’) and Wholly Owned Subsidiaries (‘WOS’). While the intent is to permit investment overseas, however, with reasonable fetters to ensure that money is not siphoned outside India. Hence, the prescribed limits along with approval and reporting requirements.

With the enforcement of amendment proposed in Finance Act, 2015 in October, 2019[1] powers vested with Central Government (CG) and Reserve Bank of India (RBI) with respect to permissible Capital Account Transaction were revisited. Power to frame rules relating to Non-Debt instruments (‘NDI’) were vested with CG and to frame regulations relating to debt instruments were vested with RBI. The scope of NDI inter alia covers all investment in equity instruments in incorporated entities: public, private, listed and unlisted; acquisition, sale or dealing directly in immoveable property.

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New set of RBI Directions for Overseas Investment by Core Investment Companies (CICs)

-CS Nidhi Ladha and CS Aditi Jhunjhunwala | finserv@vinodkothari.com

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